Libraries essential for the binaries in /bin and /sbin.Īlternate format essential libraries. Users' home directories, containing saved files, personal settings, etc. Ĭonfiguration files for add-on packages stored in /opt.Ĭonfiguration files, such as catalogs, for software that processes SGML.Ĭonfiguration files for the X Window System, version 11.Ĭonfiguration files, such as catalogs, for software that processes XML. Recent interpretations include backronyms such as "Editable Text Configuration" or "Extended Tool Chest". Since the publication of early documentation, the directory name has been re-explained in various ways. In early versions of the UNIX Implementation Document from Bell labs, /etc is referred to as the etcetera directory, as this directory historically held everything that did not belong elsewhere (however, the FHS restricts /etc to static configuration files and may not contain binaries). There has been controversy over the meaning of the name itself. Host-specific system-wide configuration files.
Primary hierarchy root and root directory of the entire file system hierarchy.Įssential command binaries that need to be available in single-user mode, including to bring up the system or repair it, for all users (e.g., cat, ls, cp).īoot loader files (e.g., kernels, initrd).ĭevice files (e.g., /dev/null, /dev/disk0, /dev/sda1, /dev/tty, /dev/random). Most of these directories exist in all Unix-like operating systems and are generally used in much the same way however, the descriptions here are those used specifically for the FHS and are not considered authoritative for platforms other than Linux. Some of these directories only exist on a particular system if certain subsystems, such as the X Window System, are installed.
In the FHS, all files and directories appear under the root directory /, even if they are stored on different physical or virtual devices.
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